Inversely, Native American art had an enormous impact on European art. Scores of Spanish artists arrived and changed the course of visual culture in the new world.
While Spain did not have much to offer in the way of trade, they brought their world-renowned artistic training. The Spanish conquest saw Spanish settlers set up socio-political units called encomiendas in places like Peru and Mexico where they could control Pacific ports and gain access to the porcelain, jade, pearls, and coral that were pouring into South America. 1600) by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons New visual cultures were born from this exchange. While Asia had coral, pearls, and spices, the new world had gold, silver, and new world vegetation such as corn and the agave. This was a golden age for Native American populations which spread across the Americas. The Americas had been a formidable center of trade, long before the Spanish conquest. Murillo, whose greatest influence was Diego Velázquez, gained recognition for his paintings which combined religious imagery with everyday scenes. His depictions of Catholic religious imagery were a more realistic treatment of the subject matter.
Murillo’s The Holy Family (1660) shows a young Joseph playing with the baby Jesus. With the introduction of Rococo painting, Zurbaran’s hard-edge style fell out of favor, making Murillo the star and forcing Zurbarán to begin making work to be exported to the new world. He was known for painting nuns, monks, and martyrs for Spanish religious orders. Zurbarán, who was influenced by Caravaggio, was the leading painter in Seville around the mid-1600s. Possible self-portrait of Francisco de Zurbarán within Saint Luke as a Painter before Christ on the Cross (1635 – 1640) by Francisco de Zurbarán Francisco de Zurbarán, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons Zurbarán’s work was more hard-edged and Murillo was known for his softer strokes. Spanish Baroque painters like Francisco de Zurbarán (1598 – 1664) and Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (1617 – 1682) were celebrated for their contributions. Mayan and Inca artists laid their foundations along with Spanish and Iberian artists from the 16th and 17th centuries, adding that conglomerate flair that has come to be associated with Latin American Art.Īround 1500, due to political unification and the rise of the Spanish Empire under the Habsburgs and Catholic Monarchs, Spain entered an artistic golden age. 5.4 Who Is the Most Famous of the Hispanic Painters?įamous Hispanic artwork is a global phenomenon that encompasses a range of artists through a range of periods.5.3 What Does Hispanic Art Have to Do With African Art?.5.1 Where Does the Term Hispanic Come From?.1.2.2 Cuzco School (16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries).
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